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HIV Infection and Diabetes

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Principles of Diabetes Mellitus

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Abstract

Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) more than a decade ago, there has been a dramatic improvement in the morbidity and mortality associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS. As survival has improved, a constellation of metabolic and morphologic abnormalities, often referred to as the HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome, has become increasingly evident. Features of this syndrome include abnormal glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, and alterations in body fat distribution including peripheral lipoatrophy and central adiposity. In this chapter, we will focus primarily on the abnormalities of glucose metabolism in patients with HIV/AIDS, including insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and frank diabetes mellitus. After first considering the effects of HIV infection per se, we will examine the mechanisms by which antiretroviral (ARV) medications are purported to disrupt glucose metabolism.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Madhu N. Rao M.D., Kathleen Mulligan Ph.D. & Morris Schambelan

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  1. Madhu N. Rao M.D.
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  2. Kathleen Mulligan Ph.D.
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  3. Morris Schambelan
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Correspondence to Morris Schambelan .

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  1. Div. Endocrinology & Metabolism, Beth Israel Medical Center, East 17th Street 317, New York, 10003, U.S.A.

    Leonid Poretsky

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Rao, M.N., Mulligan, K., Schambelan, M. (2010). HIV Infection and Diabetes. In: Poretsky, L. (eds) Principles of Diabetes Mellitus. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09841-8_38

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