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Nanostructured Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

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Active Implants and Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration

Part of the book series: Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials ((SMTEB,volume 8))

Abstract

The field of tissue engineering is an emerging discipline that applies basic principles of life sciences and engineering for the repair and restoration of human tissues and organs. Among many tissue types, bone has attracted much attention since it is the second most transplanted tissue in clinics. Bone is a complex tissue where organic and inorganic components interact to maintain an appropriate physio-chemical balance to allow for its cellular and structural functions. Treating bone loss via tissue engineering approach requires the design, fabrication and characterization of biodegradable scaffolds that display similar characteristics as the bone. Scaffolds for bone tissue engineering should have nano/micro structural features similar to the bone extracellular matrix to mimic the bone environment and support the bone cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. This chapter mainly focuses on the 3D nanostructured scaffold fabrication techniques and the scaffold characterization for in vitro and in vivo bone tissue engineering. Further, the chapter highlights the various effects of nanofeatures on bone forming cell performance, as well the signaling cascades induced by nanotopography.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA

    John Igwe, Ami Amini, Cato Laurencin & Syam Nukavarapu

  2. Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA

    Paiyz Mikael, Cato Laurencin & Syam Nukavarapu

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  1. John Igwe
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  2. Ami Amini
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  3. Paiyz Mikael
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  4. Cato Laurencin
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  5. Syam Nukavarapu
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Correspondence to Cato Laurencin or Syam Nukavarapu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fac. Engineering, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel

    Meital Zilberman

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Igwe, J., Amini, A., Mikael, P., Laurencin, C., Nukavarapu, S. (2011). Nanostructured Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. In: Zilberman, M. (eds) Active Implants and Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration. Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, vol 8. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/8415_2010_60

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/8415_2010_60

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