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Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions in the Decoration of Pyridines

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Synthesis and Modification of Heterocycles by Metal-Catalyzed Cross-coupling Reactions

Part of the book series: Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry ((TOPICS,volume 45))

Abstract

Cross-coupling reactions involving pyridine derivatives are discussed for both approaches involving pyridine as organometal or as (pseudo)halide species. All types of cross-coupling methods are included, and mainly literature from the past decade is covered. Older landmark contributions are included as well whenever it is necessary to communicate key concepts. This chapter is organized according to the coupling type and the role of the pyridine derivative, either as (pseudo)halide or as organometal species.

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Abbreviations

9-BBN:

3-Borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane

acac:

Acetylacetonate

BMIM:

1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium

BrettPhos:

2-(Dicyclohexylphosphino)3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-tri-i-propyl-1,1′-biphenyl

cBRIDP:

Di-tert-butyl(2,2-diphenyl-1-methyl-1-cyclopropyl)phosphine

CM-phos:

2-[2-(Dicyclohexylphosphino)phenyl]-1-methyl-1H-indole

cod:

Cyclooctadiene

C-Phos:

2-(2-Dicyclohexylphosphanylphenyl)-N1,N1,N3,N3-tetramethyl-benzene-1,3-diamine

CuMeSal:

Copper(I) 3-methylsalicilate

CuTC:

Copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate

Cy:

Cyclohexyl

CyPF-tBu:

(R)-1-[(S P)-2-(Dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethyldi-tert-butylphosphine

DABCO:

Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane

DavePhos:

2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2′-(N,N-dimethylamino)biphenyl

dba:

Dibenzylideneacetone

DIPEA:

N,N-Diisopropylethylamine

DMF:

N,N-Dimethylformamide

DPE-Phos:

Bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether

dppb:

1,4-Bis(diphenylphosphino)butane

dppf:

1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene

dppp:

1,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)propane

DSC:

Dye-sensitized solar cell

d-t-BPF:

1,1′-Bis(di-t-butylphosphino)ferrocene

EDG:

Electron donating group

EWG:

Electron withdrawing group

HASPO:

Heteroatom-substituted secondary phosphine oxide

IMes HCl:

1,3-Bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazolium chloride

IPr:

Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene

IPrNi(allyl)Cl:

Allyl[1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene]chloropalladium(II)

JosiPhos:

(R)-1-[(S P)-2-(Dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethyldi-tert-butylphosphine

MIDA:

N-Methyliminodiacetic acid

MTBE:

Methyl t-butyl ether

NHC:

N-Heterocyclic carbene

NMP:

N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone

OLED:

Organic light-emitting diode

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PEPPSI-IPent:

Dichloro[1,3-bis(2,6-Di-3-pentylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene](3-chloropyridyl)palladium(II)

PEPPSI-IPr:

[1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene](3-chloropyridyl)palladium(II) dichloride

PMB:

p-Methoxybenzyl

PTS:

Polyoxyethanyl-α-tocopheryl sebacate

PyBroP:

Bromo-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate

rt:

Room temperature

RuPhos:

2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-diisopropoxybiphenyl

Salen:

2,2′-Ethylenebis(nitrilomethylidene)diphenol

SDPP:

Silicadiphenylphosphinite

SES-NH2 :

2-(Trimethylsilyl)ethanesulfonyl

SNAr:

Substitution nucleophilic aromatic

SPhos:

2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl

SPO:

Secondary phosphine oxide

TBAB:

Tetrabutylammonium bromide

TBAF:

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride

TBS:

Tert-butyldimethylsilyl

Tedicyp:

cis,cis,cis-1,2,3,4-tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-cyclopentane

t-BuJosiPhos:

(R)-1-[(S P )-2-(Diphenylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethyldi-t-butylphosphine

THF:

Tetrahydrofuran

TMEDA:

N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylethylenediamine

tmp:

Tetramethylpiperidide

TON:

Turnover number

Xantphos:

4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene

XPhos:

2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl

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Koley, M., Schnürch, M., Mihovilovic, M.D. (2015). Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions in the Decoration of Pyridines. In: Patonay, T., Kónya, K. (eds) Synthesis and Modification of Heterocycles by Metal-Catalyzed Cross-coupling Reactions. Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry, vol 45. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/7081_2015_141

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