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Generation, Characterization, and Modeling of Polymer Micro- and Nano-Particles

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Polymer Physics and Engineering

Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 154))

Abstract

Polymer micro- and nano-particles are important in many technological applications, including polymer blends or alloys, biomaterials for drug delivery systems, electro-optic and luminescent devices, and polymer powder impregnation of inorganic fibers in composites. They are also critical in polymer-supported heterogeneous catalysis. This article reviews recent progress in experimental and simulation methods for generating, characterizing, and modeling polymer micro- and nano-particles in a number of polymer and polymer blend systems. A description of the use of gas atomization (of melts) and microdroplet (solution) approaches to generation and characterization of spherical polymer powders and microparticles represents their unique applications, giving the non-specialist reader a comprehensive overview. Using novel instrumentation developed for probing single fluorescent molecules in submicrometer droplets, it is demonstrated that polymer particles of nearly arbitrary size and composition can be made with uniform size dispersion. This interesting finding is ascribed to new dynamic behavior, which emerges when polymers are confined in a small droplet of solution the size of a molecule or molecular aggregates. Solvent evaporation takes place on a time scale short enough to frustrate phase separation, producing dry pure polymer or polymer blend microparticles that have tunable properties and that are homogeneous within molecular dimensions. In addition, it shows how a number of optical methodologies such as Fraunhofer diffraction can be used to probe polymer particles immobilized on two-dimensional substrates or levitated in space using a three-dimensional quadrupole (Paul) trap.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and of Chemical Engineering, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA, 50011, USA

    Joshua U. Otaigbe

  2. Chemical and Analytical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Mail Stop 6142, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA

    Michael D. Barnes, Kazuhiko Fukui, Bobby G. Sumpter & Donald W. Noid

Authors
  1. Joshua U. Otaigbe
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  2. Michael D. Barnes
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  3. Kazuhiko Fukui
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  4. Bobby G. Sumpter
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  5. Donald W. Noid
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© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Otaigbe, J.U., Barnes, M.D., Fukui, K., Sumpter, B.G., Noid, D.W. (2001). Generation, Characterization, and Modeling of Polymer Micro- and Nano-Particles. In: Polymer Physics and Engineering. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 154. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44484-X_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44484-X_1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-41442-1

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