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Heavy Metals Adsorption and Their Distribution in Three Soil Types of India: Effect of Coal Fly Ash and Sewage Sludge Amendment

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Coal Combustion Byproducts and Environmental Issues

Abstract

Even though both coal fly ash and sewage sludge are rich sources of bio-essential nutrients, one of the major limiting factors in their use either individually or in mixture proportions as for amendment into agricultural soil is the presence of various metals likely to be potentially toxic at their elevated concentrations. This study evaluated the adsorption and distribution behaviours of selected metals in three different soils from India amended with mixtures of ash and sludge in various proportions at a maximum application rate of 52t ha−1 and incubated up to 90 days at near field capacity moisture level. The properties of amended soils were affected significantly by sludge than the ash and the Freundlich distribution coefficients (KDs) of metals were marginally higher compared to their respective controls. The degree of impact of amendment on soil properties, distribution coefficients of metals and their adsorption affinity sequences, based on KDs, within and across soil types were determined. Sequential extraction indicated that, the concentrations of native metals in each soil type tends to be less in highly mobile and moderately mobile fractions than the resistant; and changed marginally following amendment while the distribution patterns remained more or less undisturbed. The sequential extraction of adsorbed metals at various equilibrating concentrations of their addition indicated shifts in the distribution patterns in each soil type. However, the changes in the partitioning of adsorbed metals were wide and clearly noticeable only at higher loadings and the metals showed propensity to accumulate preferentially in more mobile fractions, depending on the type of soil surface and substrate. The results indicated that at low rate of application, ash and sludge, though capable of changing the soil properties and its metal adsorption capacities to certain extent; they had no major influence on metal distribution patterns in the amended soils which mainly depended on the soil properties, type of metal and its concentration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology & Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721 302, India

    S. Tripathy

  2. Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, U.A.S., G.K.V.K., Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 065, India

    H. Veeresh

  3. Department of Applied Science, College of Engineering, University of California, Davis, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA

    D. Chaudhuri

  4. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5B7, Canada

    M. A. Powell & B. R. Hart

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  1. S. Tripathy
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  2. H. Veeresh
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  3. D. Chaudhuri
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  4. M. A. Powell
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  5. B. R. Hart
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA, 31404, USA

    Kenneth S. Sajwan

  2. Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland

    Irena Twardowska

  3. Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA

    Tracy Punshon

  4. Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA

    Tracy Punshon

  5. Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pacific West Area, Prosser, WA, 99350, USA

    Ashok K. Alva

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Tripathy, S., Veeresh, H., Chaudhuri, D., Powell, M.A., Hart, B.R. (2006). Heavy Metals Adsorption and Their Distribution in Three Soil Types of India: Effect of Coal Fly Ash and Sewage Sludge Amendment. In: Sajwan, K.S., Twardowska, I., Punshon, T., Alva, A.K. (eds) Coal Combustion Byproducts and Environmental Issues. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-32177-2_8

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