Short CommunicationsMolecular Characterization and Expression of the Capsid Protein of a Norwalk-like Virus Recovered from a Desert Shield Troop with Gastroenteritis
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In crystallo-screening for discovery of human norovirus 3C-like protease inhibitors
2020, Journal of Structural Biology: XCitation Excerpt :GII viruses are the most frequently detected (89%) while GII.4 are the major cause of norovirus outbreaks worldwide (Siebenga et al., 2009). Many noroviruses have been reported such as Norwalk virus (Jiang et al., 1993), Hawaii virus (Lew et al., 1994a), Snow Mountain virus (Lochridge and Hardy, 2003), Desert Shield virus (Lew et al., 1994b), Southampton virus (Clarke and Lambden, 1997) and Lordsdale virus (Lambden et al., 1993). The norovirus genome consists of a single-stranded positive-sense RNA molecule of 7.5–7.7 kb in length and contains three open reading frames (ORFs) (Lambden et al., 1993), except for the murine norovirus which has a fourth alternative ORF (McFadden et al., 2011).
A Luciferase Immunoprecipitation System (LIPS) assay for profiling human norovirus antibodies
2017, Journal of Virological MethodsCitation Excerpt :ORF2 sequences encoding the complete VP1 protein, or its domains S and P, from various HuNoV strains were subcloned into mammalian expression vector pRen2 (pRuc) (Burbelo et al., 2009). Plasmid vectors and/or baculovirus DNA that express VLPs in the baculovirus system were used to amplify VP1 and S- or P-domain sequences for the pRuc constructs (Esseili, Wang, and Saif 2012; Leite et al., 1996; Green et al., 1993; Bok et al., 2009; Green et al., 1997; Kocher et al., 2014; Lew et al., 1994; Parra and Green 2014; Jiang et al., 1992). The recombinant baculovirus carrying the genes for the major capsid protein of a GII.4/2006b strain (GenBank #KC990829), collected from a child with NoV gastroenteritis in 2008, was generated using the BaculoDirect baculovirus expression system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) as previously described (Kocher et al., 2014; Jiang et al., 1992).
Noroviruses and Sapoviruses (Caliciviruses)
2014, Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious DiseasesMolecular epidemiology of norovirus strains in Paraguayan children during 2004-2005: Description of a possible new GII.4 cluster
2013, Journal of Clinical VirologyCitation Excerpt :Norovirus GI.3 strains were grouped in two phylogenetic clusters: GI.3a and GI.3b [22]. Three out of the four GI.3 Paraguayan strains grouped with the prototype strain Hu/Osaka/010314/2001/JP (EF547393) within the cluster GI.3b [23]; while the strain Py830SR05 was related to Brazilian GI.3a samples detected during 2006 and 2007 [24,25] and the prototype strain Hu/DesertShield395/1993/US (U04469), described in USA soldiers in Saudi Arabia in the 1990s [26]. The strain Py698SR04, was related to the Boxer strain responsible for viral AGE outbreaks on USA Navy Ships in 2001, and was, therefore, classified as genotype GI.8.
Immunogenicity and specificity of norovirus Consensus GII.4 virus-like particles in monovalent and bivalent vaccine formulations
2012, VaccineCitation Excerpt :Following bioreactor production, highly purified VLPs were generated using multiple orthogonal chromatography and UF/DF unit operations (LigoCyte Pharmaceuticals, manuscript in preparation). The expression and purification of the VLPs representing GI.1 (NV), GI.3 (Desert Shield virus, DSV), GII.1 (HV), GII.3 (Toronto virus, TV), GIV.1 (Saint Cloud virus, SCV) and the various GII.4 viruses has been described elsewhere [14,21–24, Parra et al., manuscript in preparation]. A panel of hyperimmune reference sera against GI.1, GI.3, GII.1, GII.3, GII.4 and GIV.1 VLPs was produced in guinea pigs as described (Parra et al., manuscript in preparation).