Research ArticlesEffect of Particle Size on Ophthalmic Bioavailability of Dexamethasone Suspensions in Rabbits
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Topical pharmacokinetics of brinzolamide suspensions in rabbits and variability analysis for sample size and design considerations
2023, International Journal of PharmaceuticsFathoming biopharmaceutical tenets and characterization techniques for the plausible ophthalmic drug delivery performance
2023, Nanotechnology in OphthalmologyTopical pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone suspensions in the rabbit eye: Bioavailability comparison
2022, International Journal of PharmaceuticsCitation Excerpt :Early work on topical fluorometholone suspensions in albino rabbits showed that the particles present in an eye drop are retained within the cul‐de‐sac of the eye and contribute significantly to the amount of steroid penetrating the cornea (Sieg and Robinson, 1975). Schoenwald et al observed from their rabbit study with 0.1% [3H] dexamethasone a statistically significant rank-order correlation between increasing drug levels in aqueous humor and decreasing particle size (Schoenwald and Stewart, 1980). With other types of ocular suspensions (indomethacin) the importance of particle size and viscosity on the ocular absorption into rabbit eyes has been shown more recently (Toropainen et al., 2021).
Recent advances in ophthalmic preparations: Ocular barriers, dosage forms and routes of administration
2021, International Journal of PharmaceuticsCitation Excerpt :Ophthalmic suspensions often have improved residence times due to the tendency of drug particles to be retained in the conjunctival cul-de-sac (Peters, 2020). Critical factors in the production of ophthalmic suspensions are particle size, intrinsic solubility and dissolution rate of the drug in the tear fluid (Schoenwald and Stewart, 1980). Usually, smaller drug particle of <10 µm have higher solubility and dissolution rates which lead to poor drug retention on the ocular surface.
Novel water soluble sterile natamycin formulation (Natasol) for fungal keratitis
2021, European Journal of Pharmaceutical SciencesCitation Excerpt :It is a known fact that the Physiological factors in eye drains the instilled drug within 1-2 min (Lee and Robinson, 1986). Moreover, the coarse particles in the suspension promotes reflex tearing related drug dilution and drug loss (Schoenwald and Stewart, 1980). Apart from the physiological constraints, suspension formulation needs to be mixed thoroughly before instillation to have a uniform drug content (Nourry et al., 2011).